Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：中央大学出版部  

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Other Link： http://ir.c.chuo-u.ac.jp/repository/search/item/md/rsc/p/9583/

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育研究センター  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：一橋大学国際教育センター  

DOI： 10.15057/27451

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10086/27451

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：一橋大学国際教育センター  

DOI： 10.15057/26865

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10086/26865

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：一橋大学国際教育センター  

DOI： 10.15057/26695

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10086/26695

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：一橋大学国際教育センター  

DOI： 10.15057/26775

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10086/26775

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：一橋大学国際教育センター  

DOI： 10.15057/19307

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10086/19307

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育研究センター  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://id.nii.ac.jp/1130/00000319/

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

This paper examines the difference in the usage of "hai" and "ee" between Japanese and non-Japanese speakers. Subjects are 29 Japanese (14 Japanese language instructors and 15 Japanese) and 15 non-Japanese speakers. The results are as follows: (1) for the non-Japanese speakers, the honorific aspect is more influential in deciding whether to use "hai" or "cc" than it is for the Japanese speakers; (2) by using either "hai" or "ee," the Japanese as well as some non-Japanese speakers show an intention to control the distance between speakers; (3) compared to the Japanese speakers, the non-Japanese speakers show less of an intention to present their feelings, attitudes, and standpoints more actively; and (4) the non-Japanese speakers use "ee" less frequently than do the Japanese speakers. The function of "ee" was further examined based on the research. As a result, we conclude that the "ee" has extensive functions and effects, which lead to diversity in the usage of "ee," especially among Japanese speakers.

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Other Link： http://id.nii.ac.jp/1130/00000290/

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

This paper examines the function of "ee" in terms of honorific expressions. Precedent studies (Kitagawa 1973, Hinata 1980) define "hai" as "recognition response" and "ee" as "agreement response." Based on this definition, this paper analyzes two dialogue patterns: dialogues in which only "hai" is used and those in which both "hai" and "ee" are used Through this analysis, we examine the function of "ee" in comparison with that of "hai." As a result of the analysis, we found that the degree of shared information between speakers is crucially relevant in terms of deciding the usage of "hai" and "ee." The degree of shared information determines the relationship and degree of formality between the speakers. In order to use "ee," speakers must share information since it is not possible to express agreement without shared information. Furthermore, in order to express agreement, speakers must undergo the process of evaluation and judgment for what they hear. Therefore, the utterance of "ee" reduces the distance between speakers and consequently, reveals a sense of equality. As a result, we conclude that the function of "ee" as a response that actively expresses the speaker' s opinion and feeling, enables the sharing of information between speakers, and places them in an equal position with respect to the other. An inappropriate usage of "ee" may lead to excessive closeness and equality, and may consequently give negative impressions. It is considered to be meaningful to incorporate these points into classroom teaching.

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：国際基督教大学日本語教育センター  

This paper presents an analysis of the skit project in which students were instructed "to make the audience laugh by using the Japanese language." This project was organized in the beginning and intermediate-level class. The analysis was carried out from the viewpoint of learners' motivation. In terms of motivating students, this project has been successful when organized in the past 6 classes. In order to investigate the effect of this project on students' motivation, all the phases of the project were studied. The entire activity was analyzed on the basis of the authors' observation of students' involvement in. the assignment and students' comments; further, the effect and function of "laughter" -the core assignment-were examined. Consequently, the effective factors for motivation and the 6 functional roles of "laughter" were identified. The author concludes that these 6 roles are possibly responsible for effectively motivating learners. Based on the results of this study, 7 suggestions that would be useful in designing future class activities, which motivate learners, are put forth in the conclusion.

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